Starship Troopers and Fascism
A few of you probably know that I'm looking forward to the release of Mongoose Publishing's Starship Troopers Roleplaying Game in a month or so. As much as I've been digging all these indie games that I've purchased lately, the idea of playing in or running a campaign in the setting of the Roughnecks TV series is highly appealing. (Even if we have no one to play it with just yet.)
There's a thread over on the RPGnet forum talking about the game's upcoming release and naturally, there's some discussion over the three pre-existing iterations of the theme: the original novel by Robert A. Heinlein, the blockbuster movie directed by Paul Verhoeven and its straight-to-DVD sequel, and the Roughnecks: The Starship Troopers Chronicles computer-animated series.
In that thread, a gent by the name of Participant-Observer wrote:
- I wouldn't say that I enjoyed the movie more than the book, but I certainly enjoyed it. And, frankly, Verhoeven and Neumeier were recognizably sending up the fascist state, whereas ... well, I've always thought that Heinlein might've thought it was a good idea.
[NB. Long time since I've read the book]
Having read the book fairly recently, I felt the need to respond. I thought I'd put the response up here as, perhaps, a general thinking-checking exercise:
- Fair enough, PO. On first read-through, it does rather seem that way; at least, it did to me.
But what I realised on subsequent read-throughs (admittedly, aided by a couple of notes in Heinlein's later Expanded Universe collection) was that, while military service is federal service, federal service is not necessarily military service. The Federation has a long list of dirty-jobs-that-need-to-be-done-for-the-better-good, and not all are military or even related to it. Because the novel's title is what it's about, it doesn't dwell on the alternatives too much, but they are there.
[Added in Edit:] Actually, there's an essay written on this subject here, and on a quick re-read I can't find anything that contradicts its assertions on what the book actually says or does not say about Federal Service.
- Admittedly, the volunteer doesn't get a choice - it is very much a case of "we send you where you're needed to do what our tests say you're best at, and if it's one of your preferences, fine for you".
- The only evidence of propaganda I saw might have been the History & Moral Philosophy class.
- The system of citizenship seems to exclude corporatism by simply operating as read - if you're busy running a company, you can't get franchise (you can, of course, bribe those who do have a vote, but those who have their franchise have earned it by putting the good of all over their immediate good, so theoretically, they'd be less inclined to take your bribe).
- There wasn't any evidence of economic or social regimentation, and I couldn't see any government control over any aspect of personal or economic life (of course, one could argue that the restriction of franchise to those who had done federal service could be taken as such, and I'll leave that to a political forum - but again, see the above point that federal service is not necessarily military service).
- No totalitarian restrictions on civilians - at least twice, the book showed that civilians were free to bitch about the system whenever and to whomever they chose; hell, one of the examining doctors has a good gripe about the idiocy he perceives in the franchise system to Rico right there in the federal enlistment building!
(I've always wondered what it was about the Merchant Marine that meant it wasn't classed as federal service, but that my be simply because I don't know enough about it.)
Of course, I didn't really know what fascism meant, but I had a quick look at Wikipedia, and the society Heinlein created for the novel seems to meet only one of their basic criteria - exalting the nation, to a certain extent, above the individual - and even then, not quite.
Going by the basic bullet-points in the Wikipedia entry on Fascism:
So yes, the movie definitely sends up fascism (although I personally felt that it was trying a little too hard to smack viewers over the nose with the idea; if there's one thing Verhoeven isn't, it's subtle). But if Robert A. Heinlein had been alive, he probably would have said words to the effect of "There wasn't any fascism in the book in the first place to be sent up." (Heck, the Verhoeven version of the film probably couldn't have been made while Robert A. Heinlein was alive...)
Ultimately, I think Heinlein would have readily agreed fascism is a bad idea. What he thought might've been a good idea was, to quote the afterword to "Who are the Heirs of Patrick Henry?" in Expanded Universe, that "a voice in governing the state should be earned instead of being handed to anyone who is 18 years old and has a body temperature near 37 degrees C."
So what do you make of all that? If you've read the novel, do you think what I've written makes sense? What are your thoughts on Heinlein's basic idea?

